BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA POLYHERBAL DRUG KARUNKURINJI KUDINEER

Kavitha.S1, Jesima Barveen2, Sujatha.S3

1&2 PG Scholar, Department of Varma Maruthuvam

3 Lecturer, Department of Varma Maruthuvam

Government Siddha Medical College & Hospital , Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli

ABSTRACT

Siddha system is the ancient and unique system of traditional medicinal systems. Varmam is the prime section of Siddha system which describes a number of points all over the body that holds vital importance in the holistic functioning of human. These Varma points are the connecting junction between the physical body and subtle body. Varma treatment have the potential of healing many diseases through different type of Manipulation techniques, Internal and external medicines to treat the diseases with a wide range of drugs. Among vadha diseases Koarai Vatham is the most common type of vadha diseases mentioned in Vatha nithanam 42/250)which may correlate with lumbar spondylosis. The aim of the study was qualitative analysis ofkarunkurinji Kudineer a varma internal medicine mentioned in the varma maruthuvam ( text book of varmam) for the treatment of Koarai Vatham. The Biochemical analysis of the trial drug indicates the presence of Calcium, Sulphate, Chloride, Starch, Unsaturated compound, Reducing sugar, Amino acid revealed the effectiveness of therapeutic action in vadha diseases especially in Koarai Vatham.

Keywords : Karunkurinji kudineer, Koarai vatham, Lumbar spondylosis, Biochemical analysis,

INTRODUCTION:

LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS is the term given to the occurrence of degenerative disc disease and osteoarthritic change in the lumbar spine. Within the literature, lumbar spondylosis encompasses numerous associated pathologies including spinal stenosis, degenerative spondylolisthesis. The lumbar spine carries most of the body’s weight. therefore degenerative changes affect its structure causes pain with activity such as walking and standing ,lifting objects or after a long period of rest. The symptoms of Koarai vatham mentioned in vantha nithanam – 42/250 can be correlated to symptoms of Lumbar spondylosis.

Varmam is one of the special branch of Siddha system it have a wide range of Internal and External Medications also. Manipulation of Varma points only practiced by all the practitioners but usage of Varma medicine is very minimum in number among the practitioners .Though it has been practiced over years, Scientific validation has not been carried out so far. Here we discussed about Contents of Varma Medicine specially Karunkurinji Kudineer for koarai vatham ( Lumbar Spondylosis).

In Varma maruthuvam text, Karunkurinji Kudineer is indicated for Koarai vatham low back pain/ lumbar spine related problems. The symptoms of Koarai vatham mentioned in Vatha nithanam -42/250 can be correlated to the symptoms of Lumbar spondylosis.

MATERIALS & METHODS: KARUNKURINJI KUDINEER

Table: 1

DRUG	BOTANICAL NAME	FAMILY	PART USED	QUANTITY
Karunkurinji	Ecbolium Linguistrum	acanthacea	Root	1 part
Sitraamutti	Pavonia zeylanica	malvaceae	Root	1 part
Vellamanakku	Ricinus communis	Euphorbiaceae	Root	1 part
Sukku	Zingiber officinale	Zingiberaceae	Root	1 part
Sitrarathai	Alphinia officinarum	Zingiberaceae	Root	1 part
Nathai choori	spermacose hispida	Rubiaceae	Root	1 part
Vennochi	Vitex negundo	Verbenaceae	Root	1 part
Karunochi	Vitex negundo	Verbenaceae	Root	1 part
Vellulli	Allium sativum	Liliaceae	Bulb	1 part

Collection, Identification and Authentication of the Drug:

The required raw drugs were purchased from a well reputed country shop, and directly collected and dried. They were Government Botanist of Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.

Purification of the Drug:

All the ingredients of this herbal formulation were purified according to the proper produce methods described in Siddha Classical Literature.

Preparation of the drug:

The purified raw drugs are coarsely powdered and mixed in of each equal quantity. The decoction is made out from the above mixture as per the method available in Siddha literatures.

Biochemical analysis:

Screening the drug Karunkurinji Kudineer to identify the Biochemical properties present in the ingredient.

Chemicals and drugs:

The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade obtain from Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College & Hospital, Palayamkottai.

Methodology:

5 grams of the drug was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker. Then 50ml of distilled water added to it and dissolved well. Then it was boiled well for about 10 minutes. It was cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is made upto 100ml with distilled water. This fluid was taken for analysis.

Table:2

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

S.No	EXPERIMENT	OBSERVATION	INFERENCE
01	TEST FOR CALCIUM 2ml of the above prepared extract is taken in a clean test tube. To this add 2ml of 4% Ammonium oxalate solution	A white precipitate is formed	Indicates the presence of calcium
02	TEST FOR SULPHATE 2ml of the extract is added to 5% Barium chloride solution.	A white precipitate is formed	Indicates the presence of sulphate
03	TEST FOR CHLORIDE The extract is treated with silver nitrate solution	A white precipitate is formed	Indicates the presence of chloride
04	TEST FOR CARBONATE The substance is treated with concentrated Hcl.	No brisk effervessence is formed	Absence of carbonate
05	TEST FOR STARCH The extract is added with weak iodine solution	Blue colour is formed	Indicates the presence of starch
06	TEST FOR FERRIC IRON The extract is acidified with Glacial acetic acid and potassium ferro cyanide.	No blue colour is formed	Absence of ferric iron
07	TEST FOR FERROUS IRON The extract is treated with concentrated Nitric acid and Ammonium thiocyanate solution	Blood red colour is formed	Indicates the presence of ferrous iron
08	TEST FOR PHOSPHATE The extract is treated with Ammonium Molybdate and concentrated nitric acid	No yellow precipitate is formed	Absence of phosphate
09	TEST FOR ALBUMIN The extract is treated with Esbach’s reagent	No yellow precipitate is formed	Absence of albumin
10	TEST FOR TANNIC ACID The extract is treated with ferric chloride.	No blue black precipitate is formed	Absence of Tannic acid.
11	TEST FOR UNSATURATION Potassium permanganate solution is added to the extract	It gets decolourised	Indicates the presence of unsaturated compound
12	TEST FOR THE REDUCING SUGAR 5ml of Benedict’s qualitative solution is taken in a test tube and allowed to boil for 2 minutes and add 8-10 drops of the extract and again boil it for 2 minutes.	Colour changes occur	Indicates the presence of reducing sugar
13	TEST FOR AMINO ACID One or two drops of the extract is placed on a filter paper and dried well. After drying, 1% Ninhydrin is sprayed over the same and dried it well.	Violet colour is formed	Indicates the presence of Amino acid
14	TEST FOR ZINC The extract is treated with Potassium Ferro cyanide.	No white precipitate is formed	Absence of zinc

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The Bio chemical analysis of the trial drug Karunkurinji Kudineer was tabulated above in table 2.

The trial drug, karunkurinji kudineer contains

1. Calcium

2. Sulphate

3. Chloride

4. Starch

5. Unsaturated compound

6. Reducing sugar

7. Amino acid

Mode of action of the trial drug Karunkurinji kudineer which brings about the Bone Mineralisation, osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in body. May be due to the presence of calcium, Sulphate,chloride,and Amino acid, in it. Can be used to treat Koarai Vatham(lumbar spondylosis)

Conclusion:

Karunkurinji kudineer is a Siddha Drug taken from a Siddha Varmam literature used in the treatent of lumbar spondylosis. The drug is screened for its bio chemical properties. Further, comprehensive pharmacological analysis are needed to evaluate its potency and the drug has its own potency to undergo further research